PHP Operators
Before moving on to learn what PHP can do for you, take a moment to learn about the various operators it provides.
Operators are the symbols that are used to perform certain operations on data.Different types of operators are used in computer programming languages.
Example:
3 + 4 is equal to 7. In this expression 3 and 4 are operands and + symbol is called Operator.
PHP provides a variety of operators. List of PHP Operators is as follows:
- Arithmetic Operators
- Increment and Decrement Operators
- Assignment Operators
- Logical Operators
- Comparison Operators
Arithmetic Operators
The symbols that performs mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, and etc on data is called Arithmetic Operators. All arithmetic operators work with numeric values. Lets suppose we have two variables j and k where j = 10 and k = 5.
Operator Operation Description Example Result
+ Addition Adds two values $j + $k 15
− Subtraction Subtract one value from another $j − $k 5
* Multiplication Multiple two values $j * $k 50
/ Division Divides one value by another $j / $k 2
% Modulus Gives the remainder of division of two integers $j % $k 0
Increment and Decrement Operators
The increment operator is used to increase the value of a variable by 1 and denoted by the symbol ++. The increment operator cannot increment the value of constants and expressions. For example, J++ and K++ are valid statements but 11++ is an invalid statement.
The decrement operator is used to decrease the value of a variable by 1. It is denoted by the symbol –. The decrement operator cannot decrement the value of constants and expressions.For example, J– and K– are valid statements but 11– is an invalid statement.
Both increment and decrement operators can be used in two forms in PHP:
- Prefix Form
- Postfix Form
Lets suppose, we have a variable j where j =3
Operator Operation Description Example Result
++$j Prefix Increment Increments value by 1 ++$j 4
–$j Prefix Decrement Decrements value by 1 –$j 2
$j++ Postfix Increment Returns value, then Increments value by 1 $j++ 4
$j– Postfix Decrement Returns value, then Decrements value by 1 $j– 2
Assignment Operators
The PHP Operators that are used to assign values to variables called Assignment Operators. The assignment operator = is used in assignment statement to assign a value or computational result to a variable. The start is very simple from = symbol and move on to +=, −=, and so on.
Let suppose $j = 15 and $k = 4.
Operator Example Equivalent to Result
= $j = 15 $j = 15 15
+= $j += 5 $j = $j + 5 20
−= $j −= 3 $j = $j − 2 13
*= $j *= 8 $j = $j * 8 120
/= $j /= 16 $j = $j / 3 5
.= $j .= $k $j = $j . $k 60
%= $j %= 4 $j = $j % 4 0.6
Logical Operators
A logical operator is a symbol or word used to combine conditional expressions or statements. As a rule, if something has a TRUE or FALSE value, it can be input to a logical operator.
Operator Description Example
&& And $j == 3 && $k == 2
and Low-precedence and $j == 3 and $k == 2
|| Or $j < 5 || $j > 10
or Low-precedence or $j < 5 or $j > 10
! Not ! ($j == $k)
xor Exclusive or $j xor $k
